Langsat (Lansium domesticum), also known as duku or lanzones, is a tropical fruit native to Southeast Asia. It's a small, round or oval fruit with a pale yellow or brownish skin and translucent, juicy flesh.
Here's more about it:
Characteristics
Taste: Sweet and slightly tangy, with a hint of bitterness if the seeds are crushed.
Texture: The flesh is soft, juicy, and divided into segments, similar to a peeled lychee.
Seeds: Contains 1-3 seeds that are bitter and should not be eaten.
Nutritional Benefits
Langsat is rich in vitamins A, B, and C, as well as minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and iron.
It also contains dietary fiber and antioxidants, making it a healthy addition to the diet.
Growing Conditions
Climate: Thrives in tropical regions with high humidity and consistent rainfall.
Soil: Prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soils rich in organic matter.
Sunlight: Requires partial to full sunlight.
Watering: Needs regular watering but avoid waterlogging.
Uses
Culinary: Often eaten fresh, but can also be used in jams, desserts, and syrups.
Traditional Medicine: In some cultures, the fruit and its seeds are used for treating digestive issues and fever.
Wood: The tree's wood is valued for making furniture and tools.
Here are some tips for cultivating langsat (Lansium domesticum):
1. Selecting a Variety
Langsat: Smaller, more sour fruit, thinner skin.
Duku: Larger, sweeter fruit, thicker skin, more resistant to pests.
Choose a variety based on your taste preference and local growing conditions.
2. Site Selection
Climate: Needs a tropical climate (temperature range: 25–35°C or 77–95°F).
Sunlight: Prefers partial to full sunlight but benefits from some shade during extreme heat.
Protection: Avoid areas prone to strong winds, as the tree is delicate.
3. Soil Preparation
Type: Use well-draining, slightly acidic soil (pH 5.5–6.5).
Amendments: Enrich soil with organic matter like compost or aged manure.
4. Planting
Spacing: Plant trees 8–10 meters (26–33 feet) apart to allow room for growth.
Depth: Dig a hole twice the size of the root ball, ensuring the graft union (if any) is above soil level.
5. Watering
Frequency: Water regularly, especially during dry spells, but avoid waterlogging.
Mulching: Apply mulch around the base to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
6. Fertilization
Timing: Fertilize 2–3 times a year.
Type: Use balanced fertilizers (NPK 10-10-10) during early growth and switch to higher potassium (K) during fruiting.
Organic Options: Compost or fish emulsion works well.
7. Pruning and Maintenance
Pruning: Remove dead, diseased, or overcrowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration.
Weeding: Keep the base of the tree weed-free to reduce competition for nutrients.
8. Pest and Disease Management
Common Pests: Scale insects, mealybugs, and fruit borers.
Diseases: Watch for anthracnose and root rot.
Prevention: Use neem oil or insecticidal soap, and ensure proper drainage to prevent fungal issues.
9. Harvesting
Time to Fruit: Trees typically start bearing fruit after 10–12 years if grown from seed, or 5–7 years if grafted.
Ripeness: Harvest when the skin turns yellowish-brown and the fruit detaches easily.
