California Bluebells

California Bluebells

Phacelia campanularia

Desert plant of southern California with blue or violet tubular flowers in terminal racemes. Annual of southern California with intricately branched stems and lax cymes of aromatic deep blue bell-shaped flowers.


Synonyms: Desert Bluebells, desertbells

The California blue bell (#ad), as this name shows, is from southern California, and adjusts to gardens or wildflower plantings easily. Phacelia is from the Greek word phakelos for cluster, relating to the cluster of flowers the plants has.

California blue bells grow about 8 inches high with a divided, open form. They possess triangular-shaped leaves and blue bell-like flowers. The stamens protrude beyond the flower, looking like the metal striker of a bell.

They grow best in full sun in dry, sandy soil while they will endure other circumstances if they have good drainage. They flower best with cool, dry, sunny weather in the spring and decrease in the hot, humid conditions of summer. Place plants 6 to 8 inches apart. Set in regions shielded from high winds or have them staked. Stakes are to be put in the ground when plants are small, and will be out of sight when the foliage grows about them.

Propagating by seed. In temperate winter conditions, seeds can be planted outdoors in the fall for the earliest blossoms.

In or to another place, seed as early in the spring as the ground can be cultivated. Thin them to the correct spacing soon after they spring up. For earliest bloom, kickoff plants inside 6 to 8 weeks before planting them outside soon as the risk of frost has gone by. Seeds sprout in 8 to 15 days at temps of 60 to 70 degrees F. Raising them in peat flowerpots will help transplanting.

Uses for California blue bells are good in casual conditions. Plant them in batches for the prevalent blue tones they furnish. Also, grow phacelias in earthy gardens and wildflower fields.

Scientific name of California blue bells (#ad): Phacelia campanularia

Is an annual from the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts, usually domesticated as an ornamental.

Family is Hydrophyllaceae

Hardiness is USDA Zone 7a to 10b

pH requirements are 6.1 mildly acidic to 7.8 mildly alkaline

Borage Herb

Borage Herb

Borago officinalis

Hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach. Leaves flavor sauces and punches; young leaves eaten in salads or cooked.

Synonyms: tailwort

Borage herb, scientifically known as Borago officinalis, is a popular herb that has been used for centuries for its medicinal and culinary properties. This herb is native to the Mediterranean region and is now cultivated in various parts of the world. Borage herb is highly regarded for its numerous health benefits and is often referred to as a "wonder herb." In this article, we will explore the various uses and benefits of borage herb, along with its culinary applications.

I. The History and Origin:

It has a rich history dating back to ancient times. It was first mentioned by the Roman naturalist Pliny the Elder, who praised its medicinal properties. The herb was also known to the ancient Greeks, who used it to promote courage and bravery among soldiers. Borage herb was later introduced to other regions, including Europe and the Americas, where it quickly gained popularity.

II. Nutritional Profile:

Borage herb is packed with essential nutrients, making it a valuable addition to any diet. It is an excellent source of vitamins, including vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin K. Additionally, it is rich in minerals such as calcium, potassium, and iron. The herb is also known for its high content of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid that offers numerous health benefits.

III. Medicinal Benefits:

1. Anti-inflammatory Properties:
This herb contains potent anti-inflammatory compounds that can help alleviate various inflammatory conditions, including arthritis and respiratory disorders. The GLA content in borage herb plays a significant role in reducing inflammation and promoting overall joint health.

2. Skin Health:
The high GLA content in this herb makes it a popular ingredient in skincare products. Its anti-inflammatory properties can help soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and promote healthy, glowing skin. Borage herb is also known to support dry skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.

3. Hormonal Balance:
It is often used to support hormonal balance in women. The GLA content helps regulate hormone production and can alleviate symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menopause. It is also believed to promote breast milk production in lactating women.

IV. Culinary Applications:

Borage herb is not only valued for its medicinal properties but also for its culinary uses. The herb has a mild cucumber-like flavor, making it an excellent addition to salads, soups, and sauces. Its bright blue flowers are often used as an attractive garnish for cocktails and desserts. Borage herb can also be brewed into a refreshing tea, offering a soothing and calming effect.

V. Precautions and Side Effects:

While it offers numerous health benefits, it is essential to exercise caution and be aware of potential side effects. Some individuals may experience an allergic reaction to borage herb, resulting in symptoms such as itching.

Shady Cosmo

Cosmo in the shade

Not a new species just a unique picture from taking a picture in the shade of the Klondike Cosmo.

5 Common Varieties of Columbine

Columbine

Aquilegia 'Songbird Cardinal'

Unusual spurred flowers adorn attractive foliage resembling that of maidenhair fern.

Columbine flowers, scientifically known as Aquilegia, are a mesmerizing and diverse group of perennial plants that add a touch of elegance and charm to any garden. With their unique and intricate flowers, columbines have become a favorite among gardeners around the world. In this article, we will explore five common varieties of columbine flower, each with its own distinct characteristics and appeal.

1. Aquilegia vulgaris:

Aquilegia vulgaris, also known as European columbine or common columbine, is one of the most well-known and widely cultivated varieties. Native to Europe, these plants showcase beautiful bell-shaped flowers in an array of colors including blue, purple, pink, and white. They typically bloom in late spring and early summer, attracting hummingbirds and butterflies with their nectar-rich blossoms. Aquilegia vulgaris is a hardy perennial that prefers partial shade and well-drained soil.

Key features:
- Bell-shaped flowers in various colors
- Blooms in late spring and early summer
- Attracts hummingbirds and butterflies
- Prefers partial shade and well-drained soil

2. Aquilegia canadensis:

Aquilegia canadensis, commonly known as red columbine or Canadian columbine, is a native species found in North America. This variety showcases unique red and yellow flowers that resemble the shape of a hummingbird in flight. The delicate, nodding flowers bloom in late spring and early summer and are often frequented by hummingbirds for their nectar. Aquilegia canadensis thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers moist, well-drained soil.

Key features:
- Red and yellow flowers resembling a hummingbird in flight
- Blooms in late spring and early summer
- Attracts hummingbirds
- Thrives in full sun to partial shade and moist, well-drained soil

3. Aquilegia chrysantha:

Aquilegia chrysantha, also known as golden columbine or yellow columbine, is a stunning variety native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Its vibrant yellow flowers, often with contrasting golden spurs, make it a standout in any garden. Aquilegia chrysantha blooms in late spring to early summer and attracts bees and butterflies with its rich nectar. This variety thrives in full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil.

Key features:
- Vibrant yellow flowers with golden spurs
- Blooms in late spring to early summer
- Attracts bees and butterflies
- Thrives in full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil

4. Aquilegia caerulea:

Aquilegia caerulea, commonly known as Rocky Mountain columbine, is a native species found in the mountainous regions of North America. This variety showcases striking blue and white flowers that are often depicted as the state flower of Colorado. Aquilegia caerulea blooms from late spring to early summer and attracts a wide range of pollinators, including bees and butterflies. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil.

Key features:
- Striking blue and white flowers
- Blooms from late spring to early summer
- Attracts bees and butterflies
- Prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil

5. Aquilegia flabellata:

Aquilegia flabellata, commonly known as fan columbine or dwarf columbine, is a compact variety native to Japan. It features delicate flowers in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white, with distinctive short spurs. Aquilegia flabellata blooms in late spring and early summer and is a favorite among rock garden enthusiasts. This variety prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil.

Key features:
- Delicate flowers in various colors
- Blooms in late spring and early summer
- Suitable for rock gardens
- Prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil

Catnip

Catnip

Nepeta cataria

Hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats.

Synonyms: True Catnip, Catmint or Field Balm

Catnip is a popular herb that has been captivating cats for centuries. Known for its unique effects on feline behavior, catnip has become a staple in many households as a way to provide entertainment and stimulation for our furry companions. In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of catnip, its effects on cats, and provide valuable information about this beloved herb.

I. What is Catnip?

A. Definition and Origin
Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is a perennial herb belonging to the mint family. It is native to Europe but has also been naturalized in North America and other regions around the world.

B. Physical Characteristics
Catnip is characterized by its square-shaped stem, heart-shaped leaves, and clusters of small, white or lavender flowers. The plant can reach a height of up to three feet and has a distinctive minty aroma.

II. The Science Behind Catnip's Effect on Cats

A. Catnip's Active Compound
The key component responsible for catnip's effects on cats is nepetalactone, an organic compound found in the leaves and stems of the plant. Nepetalactone acts as a stimulant when cats come into contact with it, triggering various behaviors.

B. How Cats React to Catnip
When exposed to catnip, most cats exhibit playful and energetic behavior. They may roll, rub, and leap around, displaying a sense of euphoria. Some cats may also become more vocal or exhibit increased aggression. However, it is important to note that not all cats are affected by catnip, as sensitivity to the herb is hereditary.

III. Catnip's Benefits for Cats

A. Mental Stimulation
Catnip can provide much-needed mental stimulation for indoor cats, preventing boredom and promoting overall well-being. It can be used as an effective tool for enriching their environment and encouraging exercise.

B. Stress Reduction
For cats experiencing stress or anxiety, catnip can serve as a natural calming agent. The scent of catnip can help alleviate tension and promote relaxation, making it particularly useful in situations such as vet visits or travel.

C. Training Aid
Catnip can also be utilized as a training aid. By using catnip as a reward during training sessions, cats are more likely to engage in desired behaviors, making the training process more effective and enjoyable for both the cat and the owner.

5 Common Varieties of Bougainvillea

Bougainvillea

Any of several South American ornamental woody vines of the genus Bougainvillea having brilliant red or purple flower bracts; widely grown in warm regions.

Synonym: paper flower

Bougainvillea is a stunning and vibrant flowering plant that is native to South America. With its vibrant colors and ability to thrive in various climates, it has become a popular choice for gardens and landscapes around the world. In this article, we will explore the five common species of bougainvillea, providing information on their characteristics, growth habits, and care requirements.

1. Bougainvillea spectabilis:

Bougainvillea spectabilis, also known as the Great Bougainvillea, is one of the most popular species of bougainvillea. It is characterized by its large, vibrant bracts, which can range in color from deep purple to vibrant pink, orange, or red. This species is a vigorous grower, often reaching heights of 20 to 30 feet. Bougainvillea spectabilis thrives in warm, tropical climates and requires full sun and well-drained soil.

2. Bougainvillea glabra:

Bougainvillea glabra, commonly known as the Paperflower is another popular species of bougainvillea. Unlike Bougainvillea spectabilis, this species has smaller bracts that come in a variety of colors, including pink, purple, white, and orange. Bougainvillea glabra is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of climates, making it a versatile choice for both tropical and subtropical regions. It grows best in full sun and well-drained soil.

3. Bougainvillea peruviana:

Bougainvillea peruviana, also known as the Peruvian Bougainvillea, is a species that is native to Peru. It is characterized by its bright pink, trumpet-shaped bracts that surround the small, inconspicuous flowers. This species is smaller in size compared to others, typically reaching heights of around 3 to 6 feet. Bougainvillea peruviana thrives in warm, dry climates and requires full sun and well-drained soil.

4. Bougainvillea stipitata:

Bougainvillea arborea, commonly known as the Tree Bougainvillea, is a species that has a more tree-like growth habit compared to others. It can reach heights of up to 30 feet, with a spread of 20 to 30 feet. The bracts of Bougainvillea arborea come in a variety of colors, including pink, purple, red, and white. This species requires full sun and well-drained soil and is well-suited for tropical and subtropical climates.

5. Bougainvillea x buttiana:

Bougainvillea x buttiana is a hybrid species that is a cross between Bougainvillea glabra and Bougainvillea peruviana. It is characterized by its abundance of small, colorful bracts that are similar in appearance to those of Bougainvillea glabra.

Avocado Tree

Avocado Tree

Binomial name: Persea americana

It grew 4 feet in two years then the frost got to it and it was gone. San Antonio Texas area.

The avocado tree (Persea americana) is a fruit-bearing tree native to Mexico and Central America. It is highly prized for its delicious and nutritious fruit, the avocado. Avocado trees belong to the Lauraceae family and can be found in various sizes, from small shrubs to large trees. In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of avocado trees, including their growth habits, cultivation techniques, and health benefits.

I. The Anatomy of an Avocado Tree

1. Trunk and Bark:
The avocado tree has a sturdy, upright trunk covered with rough, grayish-brown bark. As the tree matures, the bark becomes thicker and more deeply furrowed.

2. Leaves:
Avocado leaves are glossy, dark green, and lance-shaped. They are arranged in an alternate pattern along the branches. The leaves are evergreen, meaning they stay on the tree year-round.

3. Flowers:
Avocado trees produce small, yellow-green flowers that are inconspicuous and often go unnoticed. These flowers are typically open for only two days and are pollinated by bees and other insects.

4. Fruit:
The avocado fruit is unique in that it matures on the tree but only ripens after it is picked. The fruit is pear-shaped with a thick, rough skin that can be green, black, or purple. Inside, the flesh is buttery and creamy, with a large seed in the center.

II. Growing Avocado Trees

1. Climate and Soil Requirements:
Avocado trees thrive in tropical and subtropical climates, with temperatures between 60°F and 85°F (15°C and 29°C). They prefer well-drained soil with a pH level between 6 and 7.

2. Planting and Propagation:
Avocado trees can be grown from seeds or grafted onto rootstocks. To grow from a seed, simply remove the pit from a ripe avocado and plant it in a pot. Grafted trees are more commonly used for commercial cultivation.

3. Pruning and Training:
Pruning helps maintain the shape and size of the avocado tree, promotes air circulation, and improves fruit production. It is important to prune the tree during its dormant period to avoid interfering with flowering and fruiting.

4. Pest and Disease Control:
Avocado trees are susceptible to various pests and diseases, including root rot, fungal infections, and pests like thrips and mites. Regular monitoring, proper sanitation, and the use of organic fertilizers.