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Showing posts with label boxberry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label boxberry. Show all posts

Thursday, July 3, 2025

American Wintergreen, Gaultheria procumbent

American Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) is a low-growing, evergreen shrub native to North America. It is admired for its glossy green leaves, bright red berries, and distinctive minty scent.

🌿 Overview of American Wintergreen

  • Scientific Name: Gaultheria procumbens
  • Common Names: American Wintergreen, Eastern Teaberry, Checkerberry, Boxberry
  • Family: Ericaceae (Heath family)
  • Native Range: Eastern North America, especially in woodland understories

    🌱 Botanical Characteristics

  • Habit: Creeping groundcover, usually 4–6 inches tall
  • Leaves: Shiny, leathery, evergreen; release a wintergreen scent when crushed
  • Flowers: Small, bell-shaped, white to pale pink; bloom in late spring to summer
  • Fruit: Bright red berries (technically dry capsules) that persist into winter
  • Roots: Spreads slowly by rhizomes

    🍓 Uses & Benefits

  • Edible: Berries and leaves are edible; traditionally used for tea
  • Flavoring: Source of natural oil of wintergreen (methyl salicylate), once used in candies, gum, and toothpaste
  • Medicinal: Historically used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties (similar to aspirin)
  • Ornamental: Grown as a decorative groundcover for shade gardens

    🌲 Growing Tips

  • Light: Partial to full shade
  • Soil: Acidic, moist, well-drained soils (like those in pine forests)
  • Water: Needs consistent moisture but not soggy soil
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 3–8
  • Companion Plants: Ferns, rhododendrons, mosses, and other woodland natives

    ⚠️ Notes

  • Caution with Oil: Pure oil of wintergreen is toxic in high doses due to its high salicylate content.
  • Wildlife: Berries are eaten by birds, deer, and other forest wildlife.